Q1. The marketing department decided to postpone the campaign ______ further data on customer behavior becomes available.
A. until
B. unless
C. since
D. although

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Q2. The manager demanded that the proposal ______ revised before being presented to the board.
A. is
B. be
C. was
D. has been

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Q3. The CEO’s speech was so inspiring that several employees decided to pursue leadership training programs ______.
A. themselves
B. their
C. them
D. each

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Q4. The company must ensure that all new products comply ______ the updated safety standards.
A. to
B. with
C. by
D. for

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Q5. The HR director emphasized the importance of confidentiality, reminding staff that personal information should never be shared ______ consent.
A. with
B. without
C. beyond
D. under

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Q6. The new software is designed to operate efficiently even ______ network conditions are unstable.
A. when
B. unless
C. despite
D. whether

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Q7. The results of the survey were not as conclusive ______ the research team had expected.
A. so
B. than
C. as
D. like

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Q8. The finance department has decided to allocate additional funds to marketing, ______ the recent success of its promotional campaign.
A. as a result
B. because of
C. due to
D. in spite of

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Q9. The manager will not approve any new expenses ______ the monthly budget report has been reviewed.
A. unless
B. once
C. until
D. whenever

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Q10. The conference attracted professionals from various industries, many of ______ shared insights on digital innovation.
A. who
B. whom
C. whose
D. which

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✅ 解答・詳しい解説（スコア目標付き）

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Q1 → A. until
💡 解説（目標スコア：850点）
「〜になるまで」＝ until。文全体の意味は「顧客データが利用可能になるまでキャンペーンを延期する」。
→ “until” は時間的制限、“unless” は条件的否定で文意が異なる。

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Q2 → B. be
💡 解説（目標スコア：900点）
“demand that + S + 動詞原形” は 仮定法現在（要求・提案・命令）。
→ The manager demanded that the proposal be revised.

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Q3 → A. themselves
💡 解説（目標スコア：870点）
“employees decided to pursue … themselves” → 「自分自身で」強調する再帰代名詞が自然。

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Q4 → B. with
💡 解説（目標スコア：830点）
“comply with ～” ＝「〜に従う、〜を順守する」。定番の熟語表現。

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Q5 → B. without
💡 解説（目標スコア：820点）
“without consent”＝「同意なしで」。
→ confidentiality（機密保持）を守るという文脈に最適。

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Q6 → A. when
💡 解説（目標スコア：860点）
「ネットワーク状態が不安定なときでも動作する」→ 条件節を導く “when” が自然。
“despite” は前置詞で節を導けないため×。

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Q7 → C. as
💡 解説（目標スコア：850点）
“as … as” 構文。「研究チームが予想したほど決定的ではなかった」。
→ 比較の as が正解。

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Q8 → C. due to
💡 解説（目標スコア：870点）
“due to” は名詞を修飾。「宣伝キャンペーンの成功によって」。
“as a result” は副詞句で文構造が変わるため不自然。

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Q9 → C. until
💡 解説（目標スコア：880点）
“〜するまで〜しない” の典型パターン。
→ will not approve … until the report has been reviewed。

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Q10 → A. who
💡 解説（目標スコア：900点）
“many of who shared insights” → “many of whom” が正しいように見えるが、
ここでは主格（「共有したのは彼ら」）なので “who” が正解。

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🎯 スコア換算目安

正答数	目安スコア
10問	950〜990点
8〜9問	900〜940点
6〜7問	850〜890点

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🧠 学習ポイントまとめ

• “demand that + 原形動詞” や “comply with” など、コロケーションを暗記する。
• “until / unless / when” などの接続詞の使い分けを整理。
• 関係代名詞の主格・目的格の区別（who / whom）も頻出！